Dark Sky Issues
The Parable of the Boiled Frogs
Let this serve as a metaphor for the slow loss of the majesty of our skies to commercial and residential light pollution:
Once upon a time a man from a distant land wished to created a delicacy of boiled frogs for his supper. He prepared his pot of boiling water and then attempted to drop the frogs into the pot. Each time he did so, the energetic frogs leaped out before they could become his supper. After several attempts, he threw out the hot water and filled the pot with pleasantly warm water and tossed the frogs in. They happily swam about thinking they had found a new home. The man then slowly added twigs to the fire, increasing the heat bit by bit until the frogs all fell into a stupor and then into death. They became a tasty meal for the man and his wife.
In other words--the scary thing about light pollution is that it steals our skies so slowly and stealthily that we have fallen into a stupor! Let's start hopping!
Dark Sky Q and A
Q. What are Dark Sky Issues?
A. Issues that deal with the abatement of light pollution through education and legislation to restrict commercial and residential lighting.
Q. What kind of legislation does NM currently have regarding light pollution?
A. The Night Sky Protection Act is our state's legislation. See New Mexico Statutes, New Mexico Statutes Unannotated, Chapter 74, Article 12. Individual municipalities may enact more stringent codes. See below.
Q. What organizations deal with Dark Sky issues?
A. The premier organization is a non-profit Arizona based, international organization called International Dark Sky Association (IDA). See below. Many astronomical societies also deal with these issues.
Q. Is TAAS involved in Dark Sky issues?
A. Yes, TAAS has always been involved. The Board of Directors created a special interest group, DarkSky NM, on April 13, 2000.
Q. How can I join DarkSky NM?
A. You must be a current TAAS member. Send a check to TAAS for $5 at PO Box 50581, Albuquerque, NM 87181-0581. On the check denote DarkSky NM Dues. Do to at least one educational presentation (slide show, speak to a school group, talk to a reporter, etc.) The goal is to build a team of informed educators.
Q. What if I don't have time to make an educational presentation?
A. Complete a 10 Letter Writing Campaign to the Albuquerque City Council. See below addresses of councilors. Inform them of New Mexico dark sky legislation. Include a copy of the Night Sky Protection Act. Email is good but postal mail more effective. Report your 10 contacts to darksky@taas.org.
Q. Why must I be a TAAS member to join?
A. As a sub-group of TAAS, DarkSky NM is eligible to receive this link on the website, funding from the board, space in the newsletter
and access to a pre-existing listserv.
Q. When are the meetings?
A. We have meetings in conjunction with a Santa Fe group, Volunteers for the New Mexico Night Sky. Check the TAAS newsletter for dates and times of meetings.
Q. Will DarkSky NM become politically active?
A. Yes, as the board approves and the membership wishes. Non-profit organizations MAY be politically active within guidelines. Our emphasis is on education.
Q. What are our current projects?
A. We are working toward more effective local ordinances on outdoor lighting in Albuquerque and surrounding areas.
Want to Help?
Our current writing campaign is targeted at reminding City of
Albuquerque Councilors and Bernalillo County Commissioners that we
have a statewide code for lighting, and that we citizens would like to
reclaim our night sky. All letters and emails that you can send would be helpful!
Here is the web page of all of the Albuquerque Commissioners,
including phone numbers and e-mail addresses.
The Official Albuquerque City Website
The Bernalillo County Commissioner's Website
Click image for North America at night, in color
David Penasa's Dark Sky Handout
Dark Sky Information Handout -- New Mexico and Albuquerque Area (updated 12-11-05)
David A. Penasa, PE, Univ. of NM PPD Engrg and Const,
(505) 277-1141 / Fax (505) 277-2385
Member of IESNA, IDA, NMHPA Night Sky Program’s Advisory Board,
and the 2000-2001 City of Albuquerque’s Night Sky Protection
Task Force
Here are some basics on light pollution and good outdoor lighting, plus web sites for
some
of the existing codes and ordinances that address outdoor lighting in the Albuquerque area and New Mexico.
What is Light Pollution? Collectively, it is:
-
Sky glow - destroys mankind's view of the universe (a national heritage)
-
Light trespass - someone's outdoor lighting encroaches on our property
-
Glare - blinds us and reduces visibility (Glare is never good.)
-
Clutter - trashes the nighttime environment (causes confusion as well)
-
Energy waste - costs us over $1.5B/yr (est.) in USA alone -
Health issue - light at night has adverse health affects on humans and
animals
In summary: "Light pollution is any adverse effect of man-made light used
in the night environment."
Design Criteria for Good Outdoor Lighting
-
Comply with applicable codes/outdoor lighting ordinance(s)
-
Design in accordance with IESNA (Illuminating Engineering Society of North
America) recommendations
-
Follow IDA (International Dark-Sky Association) information and guidelines
But, more generally, determine if it is really necessary to be lit and then
apply these four elementary concepts
-
shield it,
-
point it down,
-
don't use more than you need,
-
turn it off when you are done and not there.
Industry Design Guidelines (make sure your local engineers and
architects are aware of and follow these!)
-
IESNA RP-33-99 Lighting for Exterior Environments $45.00
-
IESNA RP-20-98 Lighting for Parking Facilities $45.00
-
IESNA RP-8-00 Roadway Lighting $30.00
-
IESNA RP-6-01 Sports Lighting $40.00
- IESNA TM-11-00 Light Trespass: Research, Results and Recommendations
$20
- IESNA TM-10-00 Addressing Obtrusive Light (Urban Sky Glow and Light Trespass) in Conjunction with Roadway Lighting $10
(To obtain the above documents, contact the
IESNA (Illuminating
Engineering Society of North America) or call (212) 248-5000 and ask for the
publications department.)
-
FAA Advisory Circular
AC
70-7460-1K Obstruction Marking and Lighting
International Dark-Sky Association
(IDA)
-
Be sure to look at their
information
sheets, their Good Lighting Fixtures List,
and their Fixture Seal
of Approval Program for dark-sky friendly fixtures.
The IDA's vision is to preserve and protect the nighttime
environment and our heritage of dark skies through quality outdoor lighting.
Their goal is to educate everyone about the value of a pleasant nighttime
environment of dark skies, and of quality outdoor lighting, with all of its
advantages.
Dark Sky Friendly Light Fixtures and Shielding - sources:
Dark Sky Slide Show
New Mexico Night Sky Protection Act:
-
The full version of the Act is
target="_blank">here
(follow the links to New Mexico Statutes, New Mexico Statutes Unannotated,
Chapter 74, Article 12.)
Compliance is required by Article 290.40 of the 2002 New Mexico Electrical Code (NMEC).
Enforcement is the responsibility of the Construction Industries Division (CID)
of the State's Construction Industry Commission (CIC) for State projects and local
jurisdiction for other projects.
Concerned about enforcement? Contact Lisa Martinez, Director of CID, (505)
476-4689,
Lisa.Martinez@state.nm.us, or Rem Pacheco,
Electrical Bureau Chief, (505) 476-4679,
Rem.Pacheco@state.nm.us,
to express your concerns. Or, attend the next regular meeting of the Construction
Industries Commission (CIC). See
this link
for information about the next meeting.
New Mexico Heritage Preservation Alliance (NMHPA) - Night Sky
Program:
-
The Night Sky Program will initiate action on issues concerning light pollution and
New Mexico's night sky, and will establish educational, legislative, informational
and outreach efforts to reverse light pollution in our state, and will promote
pristine night skies. Additionally, the program will act as a clearinghouse for
counties, municipalities, homeowners' associations, and other jurisdictional
entities that have existing light regulations or ordinances or are looking for
resources to develop such regulations. See the sky section of the
NMHPA website here.
Also see the main NMHPA here.
They have a 16 page booklet, "Consumer Guide to Night Sky Friendly
Lighting," located
here,
which serves as an introduction to the phenomenon of light
pollution, its consequences and solutions, and a tool for night sky
advocates. You can also contact Lazlo Lazowska, Director of the Night Sky Program at
NMHPA, lazlo@nmheritage.org, (505) 989-3696, (505) 989-7745 or (866)
700-6647.
City of Albuquerque
-
See the City of Albuquerque
Code of Ordinances, in particular, Chapter 14, Zoning,
Planning and Building. There are lighting related items in both Article 1
(Uniform Administrative Code and Technical Codes) and Article 16 (Zoning
Code). See “14-16-3-9 Area Lighting Regulations”, “14-16-3-5
General Sign Regulations”, and “14-16-3-18 General Building And Site
Design Regulations For Non-Residential Uses”, among others.
Note that a Mayor-appointed Night Sky Protection Task Force submitted
proposed outdoor lighting-related amendments to both Uniform
Administrative Code and Zoning Code on March 1, 2001. (This
document is no longer available on the web.) The amendments were reviewed by
the City’s Environmental Planning Commission (EPC) until mid 2002, when they expired
due to exceeding a time limit. However, in October 2002, other amendments were
passed regarding height limitations for light fixtures within parking areas. See the City's
LEGISTAR system that tracks Council
action and search for Bill O-02-19.
Interest by the City was renewed in the Spring of 2004, and a Night
Sky Protection Ordinance (text amendments to the zoning code) was
again considered. At the March 17, 2005 EPC Hearing, the amendments
(Project # 1003718, Case # 04EPC 1579) were deferred until the
January 19, 2006 Hearing.
()The staff report has been withdrawn.) Contact Richard Dineen (924-3352, rdineen@cabq.gov),
Director, Planning Dept, for further information.
Note that the City also has lighting regulations specified in the Coors Corridor
Plan and the Alameda Boulevard Design Overlay Zone documents.
Village of Los Ranchos de Albuquerque
-
See the following sections for Dark Skies regulations in the zoning ordinance:
Section 19 - Dark Skies
(The zoning ordinance was updated, effective May 2003. Quite a few changes were made
to prior Dark Skies regulations.)
Bernalillo County
-
The Bernalillo
County Zoning, Building and Planning Code is the basic source for county regulations.
Light Pollution Ordinances for 1) the East Mountain Area and 2)
North Albuquerque Acres and Sandia Heights Areas is
located
here. The East Mountain Ordinance was recently under review (August-December 2001) but the review
is now inactive. Contact Catherine VerEecke, Program Planner, (505)
314-0387,
cvereecke@mercury.bernco.gov,
for further information. Or, contact Sandy Fish, Director of
Building, Zoning and Planning, sfish@mercury.bernco.gov, (505)
924-3700, to discuss outdoor lighting regulations for Bernalillo
County and coordination with the City of Albuquerque’s regulations.
City of Rio Rancho
-
The City of Rio Rancho has no outdoor lighting code. But, they do have an
Illumination Task Force (inactive at present). The ITF turned in a proposed ordinance and
recommendations in June 2001. However, things seemed to have stalled with its
review and adoption. Please contact the Mayor, Jim Owen, (505) 891-5002,
jowen@ci.rio-rancho.nm.us,
if you are interested in seeing the City move forward with the Task Force’s
recommendations.
There are also lighting-related items in the City of Rio Rancho Code
of Ordinances. See Chapter 154 Planning and Zoning, items 154.09 (I)
(5) and 154.39, among others . See the city of Rio Rancho
Code of Ordinances.
DarkSky NM info
International Dark Sky Association
Night Sky Protection Act Text